SULTAN MURAD THE SECOND

(1402 - 1451 )

Sultan Murad the Second whose father was Sultan Muhammed the Gentleman and mother Emine Hatun, was born in 1402, and died on February the 3 rd in 1451. His reign lasted for thirty years, from 1421 to 1451.
Murad the Second was a tall, white fleshed, falcon-like nosed and good-looking faced emperor. He would speak very fluently and accurately. His neatest happiness is to be the father of such a
person like Muhammed the Conqueror, the most well-known Ottoman Padishah.
Sultan Murad Khan was fond of living in peace; however. when necessary, he was quite a dynamic, brave. and afraid-of-nothing man. During his sultanate that lasted over thirty years, he administrated his country with so much glory and honor that everybody under his command knew him a religious, just, favorable Emperor.
His childhood passed in Amassia, and at the time when he was of 18 years age, he was enthroned. He was a poet and calligrapher; moreover, he was a good soldier. He wrote his poems under the pseudonym of '"Muradee". The following is one of his best-known poems:
"Let us eulogize Allah the Omnipotent for some-time, For this world and mankind are mortal."

In his era of sultanate, a naval warfare was made with the Venetian fleet, and Salonica was conquered anew. Mustafa the Duzmedje rised
aganist the Emperor, but this was subdued. Istanbul was besieged in 1422. In 1423, Morea was re-captured, and in 1428, the Principality of Germian was annexed to the Ottoman Empire. The victory of Guverdjinlik was gained against Venice and the Crusaders. In 1430, Salonica was taken once more. In 1438, Bosnia was subjected to Ottomans. In 1439, Belgrade was laid siege. In 1443, the victory of Derbendi was won against the Crusaders. In 1444, the Segadin Agreement was concluded with the Crusaders; however, they did not keep their promises. When Murad the Second appointed his young son as the Padishah, they invaded the Ottoman territories in great hopes; but, to their surprise, Muhammed the Conqueror (Mehmed the Second) appointed his father the Commander-in-chief of the army. In November in, 1444, the victory of Varna was gained against the enemy forces. Following that victory, Murad the Second took power anew. In 1445, the Ottoman Empire declared war on Morea and Albania. In October, 1448, the Crusaders attacked once again, and that time, the second victory of Kossova was gained. In 1451, all the prisoners of war were let free. Sultan Murad Khan expired at Edirne at the time when he was just in his 47s. To his will, he was buried next to the Muradiye Mosque at Bursa. In his will, he also wanted them not to cover his grave and seats to be put around it for the reciters of Our'an (Haphiz) to read Our'an till Friday and that day to complete the funeral ceremony, and his will was carried out fully to his desire.
A lot of mosques, Moslem Schools of Theology, palaces, and bridges were constructed all over the Empire in that era. One of them is the Mosque with three Sherefes (gallery of a minaret, from which the call to prayer is made); next to this mosque is a Moslem School of Theology and a Soup-Kitchen.
Again at Edirne, the Muradiye Mosque whose interior walls were decorated with marvelous painted tiles was built. The Muradiye Mosque was constructed at Bursa and the Ouzoun Koenru (Long Bridge) was erected on 170 legs over the river Ergene in the era of Sultan Murad Khan.
Among the most prominent of the Succession of the Descendants of Nakshibend, Their Exalted Highnesses, Hadje Yacoub Charkhee, the Sheik Emir Sultan, Hadji Bairam Velee, the Sheikh Younous Emre, Ibn-ee Hadjeree Askalanee, Yazidji-zade Mohammed Effendi were the Moslem personages of the reigning era of the Sultan Murad the Second.

He had six sons whose names were Muhammed the Conqueror. Akhmed. Ala-ud-Din. Orkhan. Hassan. Akhmed the second: his two daughters were Shekh-zade and Fatima Hatoun.